Context:

  • According to a discussion paper released by NITI Aayog the share of India’s population living in multidimensional poverty is estimated to have decreased to 11.28 per cent in 2022-23 from 29.17 per cent in 2013-14.
  • NITI Aayog estimates that a total of 24.82 crore people escaped multidimensional poverty in the last nine years.
  • According to NITI Aayog Bihar recorded a 53 per cent drop from 56.3 per cent share of MPI poor in 2013-14 to 26.59 per cent in 2022-23. Jharkhand also recorded a 50 per cent drop from 47.13 per cent share of MPI poor to 23.34 per cent.
  • Uttar Pradesh recorded a decline to 17.4 per cent from 42.59 per cent in 2013-14.

About National MPI:

  • NITI Aayog compiles the NMPI in collaboration with United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), and Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative (OPHI).
Multidimensional Poverty Index – India explained for UPSC
  • The National Multidimensional Poverty Index or NMPI calculates simultaneous deprivations across three equally weighted dimensions of health, education, and standard of living.
  • These three dimensions are represented by 12 sustainable development goals-aligned indicators.
  • These indicators include three Health indicators (nutrition, child and adolescent mortality, maternal health), two Education indicators (years of schooling, school attendance), and seven Standard of Living indicators (cooking fuel, sanitation, drinking water, electricity, housing, assets, and bank accounts).
  • Thus it is important to note that the NMPI by Niti Aayog has 12 indicators while global MPI covers 10 indicators.